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Our overall airplane efficiency gain is derived from studies of new airplane designs within each of the major airplane size classes: narrowbody, widebody, and regional. Efficiency gains for each future airplane design are relative to existing 2010 designs.

Sources

A: The Boeing Company. 2010. “Boeing Begins Assembly of First 747-8 Intercontinental." The Boeing Company. link

B: NASA and MIT. 2010.NASA N+3 MIT Team Final Review. NASA Langley Research Center; Kawai, Ronald T, Douglas M Friedman, and Leonel Serrano. 2006.Blended Wing Body Boundary Layer Ingestion Inlet Configuration and System Studies. NASA.

C: Frank Gern et al. 2005. “Transport Weight Reduction through MDO: The Strut-Braced Wing Transonic Transport.” Toronto, Ontario, CA: AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit.

D: NASA and MIT. 2010.NASA N+3 MIT Team Final Review. NASA Langley Research Center; Bushnell, Dennis M. February 2010. Email Communication.

E: Royal Aeronautical Society. 2010.Air Travel—Greener by Design Annual Report 2009–2010. Royal Aeronautical Society.

F: Daggett, David L. 2002. Ultra Efficient Engine Technology Systems Integration and Environmental Assessment. NASA link